Machine generated contents note: ch. 1 What Is Anthropology? --
Human Adaptability --
Adaptation, Variation, and Change --
General Anthropology --
Cultural Forces Shape Human Biology --
Subdisciplines of Anthropology --
Cultural Anthropology --
Archaeological Anthropology --
Applying Anthology to Popular Culture: Indiana Jones --
Biological, or Physical, Anthropology --
Linguistic Anthropology --
Anthropology and Other Academic Fields --
Applied Anthropology --
Anthropology Today: Anthropologist's Son Elected President --
Summary --
ch. 2 Culture --
What Is Culture? --
Culture Is Learned --
Culture Is Symbolic --
Culture Is Shared --
Culture and Nature --
Culture Is All-Encompassing --
Culture Is Integrated --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Popular Songs --
Culture Is Instrumental, Adaptive, and Maladaptive --
Culture's Evolutionary Basis --
What We Share with Other Primates --
How We Differ from Other Primates --
Universality, Generality, and Particularity --
Universals and Generalities --
Particularity: Patterns of Culture --
Culture and the Individual: Agency and Practice --
Popular, Civic, and Public Culture --
Levels of Culture --
Ethnocentrism, Cultural Relativism, and Human Rights --
Mechanisms of Cultural Change --
Globalization --
Anthropology Today: Experiencing Culture: Personal Space and Displays of Affection --
Summary --
ch. 3 Doing Anthropology --
Research Methods in Archaeology and Physical Anthropology --
Multidisciplinary Approaches --
Studying the Past --
Survey and Excavation --
Kinds of Archaeology --
Dating the Past --
Relative Dating --
Absolute Dating --
Molecular Anthropology --
Kinds of Physical Anthropology --
Bone Biology --
Anthropometry --
Primatology --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Bones --
Research Methods in Cultural Anthropology --
Ethnography: Anthropology's Distinctive Strategy --
Ethnographic Techniques --
Observation and Participant Observation --
Conversation, Interviewing, and Interview Schedules --
Genealogical Method --
Key Cultural Consultants --
Life Histories --
Local Beliefs and Perceptions, and the Ethnographer's --
Problem-Oriented Ethnography --
Longitudinal Studies, Team Research, and Multisited Ethnography --
Survey Research --
Doing Anthropology Right and Wrong: Ethical Issues --
Code of Ethics --
Anthropologists and Terrorism --
Anthropology Today: Archeologist in New Orleans Finds a Way to Help the Living --
Summary --
ch. 4 Evolution, Genetics, and Human Variation --
Origin of Species --
Theory and Fact --
Genetics --
Mendel's Experiments --
Independent Assortment --
Population Genetics --
Mechanisms of Genetic Evolution --
Natural Selection --
Mutation --
Random Genetic Drift --
Gene Flow --
Race: A Discredited Concept in Biology --
Races Are Not Biologically Distinct --
Genetic Markers Don't Correlate with Phenotype --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Oprah's DNA --
Explaining Skin Color --
Human Biological Adaptation --
Genes and Disease --
Anthropology Today: Genetic Study Bolsters Columbus Link to Syphilis --
Lactose Tolerance --
Summary --
ch. 5 Primates --
Our Place among Primates --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Planet of the Apes --
Homologies and Analogies --
Primate Tendencies --
Prosimians --
Monkeys --
New World Monkeys --
Old World Monkeys --
Apes --
Gibbons --
Orangutans --
Gorillas --
Chimpanzees --
Bonobos --
Endangered Primates --
Primate Evolution --
Chronology --
Early Primates --
Early Cenozoic Primates --
Oligocene Anthropoids --
Miocene Hominoids --
Proconsul --
Later Miocene Apes --
Pierolapithecus catalaunicus --
Anthropology Today: Global Economy Threatens Orangutans --
Summary --
ch. 6 Early Hominins --
What Makes Us Human? --
Bipedalism --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Monkey Bars --
Brains, Skulls, and Childhood Dependency --
Tools --
Teeth --
Chronology of Hominin Evolution --
Who Were the Earliest Hominins? --
Sahelanthropus tchadensis --
Orrorin tugenensis --
Ardipithecus --
Varied Australopithecines --
Australopithecus anamensis --
Australopithecus afarensis --
Gracile and Robust Australopithecines --
Australopithecines and Early Homo --
Oldowan Tools --
Anthropology Today: Anthropologist's Son Finds New Species of Australopithecus --
A. garhi and Early Stone Tools --
Summary --
ch. 7 Genus Homo --
Early Homo --
H. rudolfensis and H. habilis --
H. habilis and H. erectus --
Out of Africa I: H. erectus --
Paleolithic Tools --
Adaptive Strategies of H. erectus --
Evolution and Expansion of H. erectus --
Archaic H. sapiens --
Ice Ages of the Pleistocene --
H. antecessor and H. heidelbergensis --
Neandertals --
Cold-Adapted Neandertals --
Neandertals and Modern People --
Modern Humans --
Out of Africa II --
Genetic Evidence for Out of Africa II --
Denisovans --
Advent of Behavioral Modernity --
Advances in Technology --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: So Easy a Caveman Can Do It --
Glacial Retreat --
Settling the Americas --
Homo floresiensis --
Anthropology Today: Neandertal Cannibalism --
Summary --
ch. 8 First Farmers --
Mesolithic --
Neolithic --
First Farmers and Herders in the Middle East --
Genetic Changes and Domestication --
Food Production and the State --
Other Old World Farmers --
First American Farmers --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: McDonald's --
Tropical Origins of New World Domestication --
Mexican Highlands --
Explaining the Neolithic --
Geography and the Spread of Food Production --
Anthropology Today: The Early Origin of New World Domestication --
Summary --
ch. 9 First Cities and States --
Origin of the State --
Hydraulic Systems --
Long-Distance Trade Routes --
Population, War, and Circumscription --
Urban Revolution --
Attributes of States --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Royalty Today --
State Formation in the Middle East --
Urban Life --
Elite Level --
Social Ranking and Chiefdoms --
Advanced Chiefdoms --
Rise of the State --
Other Early States --
State Formation in Mesoamerica --
Early Chiefdoms and Elites --
Warfare and State Formation: The Zapotec Case --
States in the Valley of Mexico --
Why States Collapse --
Mayan Decline --
Anthropology Today: The Fantastic Claims of Pseudo-Archaeology --
Summary --
ch. 10 Language and Communication --
Language --
Nonhuman Primate Communication --
Call Systems --
Sign Language --
Origin of Language --
Nonverbal Communication --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Facebook and Twitter --
Structure of Language --
Speech Sounds --
Language, Thought, and Culture --
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis --
Focal Vocabulary --
Sociolinguistics --
Social and Linguistic Variation --
Linguistic Diversity within Nations --
Gender Speech Contrasts --
Stratification and Symbolic Domination --
Black English Vernacular (BEV) --
Historical Linguistics --
Language Loss --
Anthropology Today: Linguistic Diversity and the Internet --
Summary --
ch. 11 Making a Living --
Adaptive Strategies --
Foraging --
Adaptive Strategies Based on Food Production --
Horticulture --
Agriculture --
Agricultural Intensification: People and the Environment --
Pastoralism --
Economic Systems --
Production in Nonindustrial Societies --
Means of Production --
Alienation in Industrial Economies --
Economizing and Maximization --
Alternative Ends --
Distribution, Exchange --
Market Principle --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Hip-Hop Lyrics --
Redistribution --
Reciprocity --
Coexistence of Exchange Principles --
Potlatching --
Anthropology Today: Scarcity and the Betsileo --
Summary --
ch. 12 Political Systems --
What Is "The Political"? --
Types and Trends --
Bands and Tribes --
Foraging Bands --
Tribal Cultivators --
Village Head --
"Big Man" --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Superheroes --
Pantribal Sodalities --
Nomadic Politics --
Chiefdoms --
Political and Economic Systems --
Status Systems --
Emergence of Stratification --
State Systems --
Population Control --
Judiciary --
Enforcement --
Fiscal Support --
Social Control --
Hegemony and Resistance --
Weapons of the Weak --
Shame and Gossip --
Igbo Women's War --
Anthropology Today: Yanomami Update: Venezuela Takes Charge, Problems Arise --
Summary --
ch. 13 Families, Kinship, and Marriage --
Families --
Nuclear and Extended Families --
Industrialism and Family Organization --
Changes in North American Kinship --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: TV Families --
Family among Foragers --
Descent --
Descent Groups --
Lineages, Clans, and Residence Rules --
Marriage --
Exogamy and Incest --
Incest Happens --
Endogamy --
Marital Rights and Same-Sex Marriage --
Marriage across Cultures --
Bridewealth and Dowry --
Durable Alliances --
Divorce --
Plural Marriages --
Polygyny --
Anthropology Today: Five Wives and 55 Children --
Polyandry --
Summary --
ch. 14 Gender --
Sex and Gender --
Recurrent Gender Patterns --
Gender Roles and Gender Stratification --
Reduced Gender Stratification --
Matrilineal --
Matrilocal Societies --
Matriarchy --
Increased Gender Stratification --
Patrilineal --
Patrilocal Societies --
Patriarchy and Violence --
Gender in Industrial Societies --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Lisa vs. Malibu Stacy --
Feminization of Poverty --
Work and Happiness --
Beyond Male and Female --
Sexual Orientation --
Anthropology Today: Changing Images of Masculinity Note continued: Summary --
ch. 15 Religion --
Expressions of Religion --
Spiritual Beings --
Powers and Forces --
Magic and Religion --
Uncertainty, Anxiety, Solace --
Rituals --
Rites of Passage --
Totemism --
Social Control --
Kinds of Religion --
World Religions --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Muslims and Media --
Religion and Change --
Revitalization Movements --
Cargo Cults --
New and Alternative Religious Movements --
Secular Rituals --
Anthropology Today: Hinduism Takes Back Yoga --
Summary --
ch. 16 World System and Colonialism --
World System --
Emergence of the World System --
Industrialization --
Causes of the Industrial Revolution --
Socioeconomic Effects of Industrialization --
Industrial Stratification --
Colonialism --
British Colonialism --
French Colonialism --
Colonialism and Identity --
Postcolonial Studies --
Development --
Neoliberalism --
Second World --
Communism --
Postsocialist Transitions --
World System Today --
Energy Consumption and Industrial Degradation --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Avatar --
Anthropology Today: Mining Giant Compatible with Sustainability Institute? --
Summary --
ch. 17 Ethnicity and Race --
Ethnic Groups and Ethnicity --
Shifting Status --
Race and Ethnicity --
Social Construction of Race --
Hypodescent: Race in the United States --
Race in the Census --
Not Us: Race in Japan --
Phenotype and Fluidity: Race in Brazil --
Ethnic Groups, Nations, and Nationalities --
Nationalities and Imagined Communities --
Ethnic Tolerance and Accommodation --
Assimilation --
Plural Society --
Multiculturalism and Ethnic Identity --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Diversity on TV --
Roots of Ethnic Conflict --
Prejudice and Discrimination --
Chips in the Mosaic --
Aftermaths of Oppression --
Anthropology Today: From Saturday Night Fever to Jersey Shore --
Summary --
ch. 18 Applying Anthropology --
Role of the Applied Anthropologist --
Early Applications --
Academic and Applied Anthropology --
Applied Anthropology Today --
Development Anthropology --
Equity --
Strategies for Innovation --
Overinnovation --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: Coca-Cola --
Underdifferentiation --
Indigenous Models --
Anthropology and Education --
Urban Anthropology --
Urban versus Rural --
Medical Anthropology --
Anthropology and Business --
Careers and Anthropology --
Anthropology Today: Culturally Appropriate Marketing --
Summary --
ch. 19 Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World --
Globalization: Its Meaning and Its Nature --
Global Climate Change --
Environmental Anthropology --
Global Assaults on Local Autonomy --
Deforestation --
Interethnic Contact --
Cultural Imperialism --
Making and Remaking Culture --
Indigenizing Popular Culture --
Global System of Images --
Global Culture of Consumption --
People in Motion --
Applying Anthropology to Popular Culture: ET Phone Home --
Indigenous Peoples --
Identity in Indigenous Politics --
Continuance of Diversity --
Anthropology Today: Engulfed by Climate Change, Town Seeks Lifeline --
Summary.

'Window on Humanity' covers the core and basics of all four of anthropology's subfields, while also examining contemporary issues and approaches. It provides a concise, readable, lower-cost introduction to general (four-field) anthropology.